Rosh Hashana 2:9 — The Decree, and the Walk to Yavne
The Lived Mishnah·A Zeman Nakat Project
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Rosh HashanaMesechtaמסכתראש השנה
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9Mishnahמשנהט׳
Mishnah ראש השנה ב׳:ט׳ · Rosh Hashana 2:9
שָׁלַח לוֹ רַבָּן גַּמְלִיאֵל,
גּוֹזְרַנִי עָלֶיךָ שֶׁתָּבֹא אֶצְלִי בְּמַקֶּלְךָ וּבִמְעוֹתֶיךָ בְּיוֹם הַכִּפּוּרִים שֶׁחָל לִהְיוֹת בְּחֶשְׁבּוֹנְךָ.
הָלַךְ וּמְצָאוֹ רַבִּי עֲקִיבָא מֵצֵר, אָמַר לוֹ,
יֶשׁ לִי לִלְמוֹד
שֶׁכָּל מַה שֶּׁעָשָׂה רַבָּן גַּמְלִיאֵל עָשׂוּי,
שֶׁנֶּאֱמַר (ויקרא כג),
אֵלֶּה מוֹעֲדֵי יְיָ מִקְרָאֵי קֹדֶשׁ, אֲשֶׁר תִּקְרְאוּ אֹתָם,
בֵּין בִּזְמַנָּן בֵּין שֶׁלֹּא בִזְמַנָּן,
אֵין לִי מוֹעֲדוֹת אֶלָּא אֵלּוּ.
בָּא לוֹ אֵצֶל רַבִּי דוֹסָא בֶּן הַרְכִּינָס, אָמַר לוֹ,
אִם בָּאִין אָנוּ לָדוּן אַחַר בֵּית דִּינוֹ שֶׁל רַבָּן גַּמְלִיאֵל,
צְרִיכִין אָנוּ לָדוּן אַחַר כָּל בֵּית דִּין וּבֵית דִּין שֶׁעָמַד מִימוֹת משֶׁה וְעַד עַכְשָׁיו,
שֶׁנֶּאֱמַר (שמות כד),
וַיַּעַל משֶׁה וְאַהֲרֹן נָדָב וַאֲבִיהוּא וְשִׁבְעִים מִזִּקְנֵי יִשְׂרָאֵל.
וְלָמָּה לֹא נִתְפָּרְשׁוּ שְׁמוֹתָן שֶׁל זְקֵנִים, אֶלָּא לְלַמֵּד,
שֶׁכָּל שְׁלשָׁה וּשְׁלשָׁה שֶׁעָמְדוּ בֵית דִּין עַל יִשְׂרָאֵל,
הֲרֵי הוּא כְבֵית דִּינוֹ שֶׁל משֶׁה.
נָטַל מַקְלוֹ וּמְעוֹתָיו בְּיָדוֹ,
וְהָלַךְ לְיַבְנֶה אֵצֶל רַבָּן גַּמְלִיאֵל בְּיוֹם שֶׁחָל יוֹם הַכִּפּוּרִים לִהְיוֹת בְּחֶשְׁבּוֹנוֹ.
עָמַד רַבָּן גַּמְלִיאֵל וּנְשָׁקוֹ עַל רֹאשׁוֹ, אָמַר לוֹ,
בֹּא בְשָׁלוֹם,
רַבִּי וְתַלְמִידִי, רַבִּי בְחָכְמָה, וְתַלְמִידִי שֶׁקִּבַּלְתָּ דְּבָרָי:
He sent to him — Rabban Gamliel:
I decree upon you that you come to me with your staff and your money-belt on the Yom Kippur that falls according to your reckoning.
He went and found him — R' Akiva — in distress. He said to him:
I have this to learn:
that everything Rabban Gamliel has done is done,
as it says — (Vayikra 23)
These are the moadei Hashem, mikra'ei kodesh, which you shall proclaim —
whether at their proper time or not at their proper time,
I have no moados — appointed times — but these.
He came to R' Dosa ben Harkinas. He said to him:
If we come to question the beis din of Rabban Gamliel,
we must question every single beis din that has stood from the days of Moshe until now;
as it says — (Shemos 24)
And Moshe and Aharon, Nadav and Avihu, and seventy of the elders of Yisrael went up.
And why were the names of the elders not specified? Only to teach
that any three men who have stood as a beis din over Yisrael —
it is as the beis din of Moshe.
He took his staff and his money in his hand
and went to Yavne, to Rabban Gamliel, on the day that Yom Kippur fell according to his own reckoning.
He stood — Rabban Gamliel — and kissed him on his head. He said to him:
Come in peace,
my teacher and my student — my teacher in wisdom, and my student in that you accepted my words.
A reading aid, not an exact translation.
This English is a clause-by-clause rendering to help you follow the Hebrew. It is not word-for-word literal, and it is not a transcript of the recorded shiur — the audio carries explanation and context the translation deliberately leaves out.
case/objectrestrictive rulingpermissive rulingTannareasonpasuk/proof textgeneral rule
Structure
The shape of it▾
Summary Chart
The Decree, and the Walk to Yavne▾
| Case | Ruling | Reason |
|---|---|---|
| R' Yehoshua reckons Yom Kippur a day later than Rabban Gamliel does — what does Rabban Gamliel demand of him? | Rabban Gamliel: That he come to Yavne with his staff and his money-belt on his own Yom Kippur | — |
| R' Akiva finds him in pieces — what does he tell him? | R' Akiva: Whatever Rabban Gamliel has done is done | the moados hang on beis din's proclamation, in time or out of it |
| And R' Dosa ben Harkinas, who had agreed with him in the first place? | R' Dosa ben Harkinas: Any three who sit as beis din are as the beis din of Moshe | the elders go unnamed to teach exactly that |
| What did R' Yehoshua do in the end? | Took his staff and his money and walked to Yavne on his own Yom Kippur | — |
| How did Rabban Gamliel receive him? | Rabban Gamliel: Stood, kissed him on the head, and called him rebbi and talmid both | — |
Transcript
A machine transcript of the recorded shiur.
This is the shiur as spoken, transcribed automatically and left unedited — the wording is Ephraim's, and occasional transcription errors remain. It follows the audio word by word.
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